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Joseph Kosuth Ex Libris J.-F. Champollion

'Ex libris J.-F. Champollion', 1991 —  A work by Joseph Kosuth 
Public commission, 1990 [Ministry of Culture, Delegation for Visual Arts, and City of Figeac].

At the foot of the museum, Joseph Kosuth created the Place des Écritures, whose ground is covered by an immense reproduction of the Rosetta Stone. Kosuth integrates the Rosetta Stone into the city’s architecture in a way that evokes writing in its immediate relationship to a language, a city (Rosetta), and its natural environment (a terraced garden planted with papyrus, tamaris, and aromatic plants). This contextualization of language establishes a new relationship with words: here, three scripts — hieroglyphic, demotic, and Greek — and two languages are laid out on the ground, giving the text a strange and unprecedented presence through which Kosuth questions the meaning of words and language. A representation of writing in urban space becomes a true metaphor for Champollion’s work, who, in his time, dedicated his life to uncovering the hidden meaning of hieroglyphs and understanding their cultural and social context.

The Rosetta Stone (Granite, 196 BC) was discovered in Rashid (Rosetta) in 1799 by Lieutenant François-Xavier Bouchard, during Napoleon’s expedition to Egypt (1798–1801). It was taken as war booty by the English army after the French defeat at Aboukir. Since then, the Rosetta Stone has been kept at the British Museum in London. This bilingual stele bears a decree known as the Decree of  "Memphis" promulgated at the end of an assembly of the priests of Egypt. The text confirms the establishment of a cult in honor of the young Pharaoh Ptolemy V Epiphanes, in exchange for privileges granted to the temples. The decree is written in three scripts: hieroglyphs, the traditional script used for sacred and official texts; demotic, a cursive script used for daily transactions; and Greek, the language of the Ptolemaic dynasty, which ruled Egypt at the time.
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